Here’s a concise summary of the paper titled “Integrating Renewable Energy Sources into Grids” by McKinsey¹:
**Challenges in Integrating RES into Grids:**
1. **Network Inadequacy**: Grid operators face a lack of physical capacity to accommodate supply and demand in locations with abundant renewable resources.
Optimizing grid capacity designed for centralized fossil fuel generation is challenging.
2. **Real-Time Network Management**: As the share of RES increases, real-time network management at low voltages becomes crucial. Without proper management, network instability can lead to voltage fluctuations, frequency inconsistencies, and harmonic distortion.
**Coordinated Solutions**:
To support RES integration, grid operators need to rethink their approaches across planning, connection, operation, and coordination. The energy transition demands expanding power grids to meet the growing demand for electricity and renewable energy.
